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Ban the Box is the name of an international campaign by civil rights groups and advocates for ex-offenders, aimed at persuading employers to remove from their hiring applications the check box that asks if applicants have a criminal record. Its purpose is to enable ex-offenders to display their qualifications in the hiring process before being asked about their criminal records. The premise of the campaign is that anything that makes it harder for ex-offenders to find a job makes it likelier that they will re-offend, which is bad for society. The campaign began in Hawaii in the late 1990s, and has gained strength in other U.S. states following the 2007-2009 recession. Its advocates say it is necessary because a growing number of Americans have criminal records due to tougher sentencing laws particularly for drug crimes,〔 and are having difficulty finding work because of high unemployment and a rise in background checks that followed the September 11 terror attacks on the United States.〔 As of July 2015, 52 U.S. municipalities and 18 states had in place legislation that "banned the box" for government job applications and also in some cases those of their private contractors.〔()〕 Many such ordinances exempt applications for "sensitive" positions, such as those involving work with children.〔 Target Corporation "banned the box" in October 2013.〔Staples, Brent (29 October 2013). "Target Bans the Box". New York Times. Retrieved 30 October 2013.〕 On November 2, 2015 President Barack Obama directed federal agencies to "Ban the Box" on federal job applications. Speaking at Rutgers University in New Jersey, Obama highlighted programs meant to ease reentry back into society and stated that the federal government "should not use criminal history to screen out applicants before we even look at their qualifications." In the United Kingdom, corporate social responsibility advocacy charity Business in the Community launched a "ban the box" campaign in October 2013.〔Howard, Stephen (17 October 2013). "'Ban the Box' campaign asks employers to give ex-offenders a chance". the Guardian. Retrieved 30 October 2013.〕 The campaign has been criticized by U.S. industry group the National Retail Federation for exposing companies, their customers and employees to potential crime,〔Harless, William (3 August 2013). "'Ban the Box' Laws Make Criminal Pasts Off-Limits". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 30 October 2013.〕 and by the New Jersey Chamber of Commerce, which says it could expose employers to lawsuits from unsuccessful applicants.〔Marois, Michael B. (11 October 2013). "California Gives Break to Growing Workforce With Criminal Past". Bloomberg Businessweek. Retrieved 30 October 2013.〕 ==Fair Chance== In 2014, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors unanimously passed the Fair Chance Ordinance, authored by Supervisors Jane Kim and Malia Cohen. October 27, 2015 NYC enacted the Fair Chance Law. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ban the Box」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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